LEVELING AND COUNTRING (Object and use of leveling)

The aim of leveling is to determine the relative heights of different object on or below the surface of the earth and to determine the undulation of the ground surface. Uses; leveling is done for the following purpose; to prepare a contour map for fixing site for reservoirs, dams, barrages, etc. and to fix the alignment of roads, railways, irrigation canals, and so on. Technical Data used in the field explained in civil surveyor course in rawalpindi. to determine the altitudes of different important point on a hill or to know the reduced levels of different points on or below the surface of the earth, To prepare a longitudinal section and cross- section of a project ( roads, railways , irrigation canals, etc.)

in order to determine the volume of earth work, to prepare a layout map for water supply, sanitary or drainage schemes. Some more details of civil surveyor course in rawalpindi are as under. DEFENATIONS; LEVELLING, the art of determining the relative heights of different points on or below the surface of the earth is known as leveling.

Thus, leveling deals with the measurements in the vertical plane. LEVEL SURFACE, any surface parallel to the mean spheroidal surface of the earth is said to be a level surface. such a surface is obviously curved. The water surface of a still lake is also considered to be a level surface. TSK Training for Skills and Knowledge is the best institute in Rawalpindi Islamabad for Pakistani Students who wants to join civil surveyor course in islamabad.

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